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Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) - Palau (2008)

Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) z Palau (2008)

 Arctic Ocean (2001)Palau (2008)
 Arctic OceanPalau
Administrative divisions - 16 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatohobei, Kayangel, Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Peleliu, Sonsorol
Age structure - 0-14 years: 26% (male 2,796/female 2,633)


15-64 years: 69.2% (male 7,767/female 6,665)


65 years and over: 4.7% (male 465/female 516) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts, copra, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; fish
Airports - 3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2007)
Area total:
14.056 million sq km

note:
includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
total: 458 sq km


land: 458 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean. After three decades as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific under US administration, this westernmost cluster of the Caroline Islands opted for independence in 1978 rather than join the Federated States of Micronesia. A Compact of Free Association with the US was approved in 1986, but not ratified until 1993. It entered into force the following year, when the islands gained independence.
Birth rate - 17.7 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget - revenues: $72.07 million


expenditures: $72.43 million (FY04/05 est.)
Capital - name: Melekeok


geographic coordinates: 7 29 N, 134 38 E


time difference: UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November
Coastline 45,389 km 1,519 km
Constitution - 1 January 1981
Country name - conventional long form: Republic of Palau


conventional short form: Palau


local long form: Beluu er a Belau


local short form: Belau


former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Palau District
Death rate - 6.77 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external - $0 (FY99/00)
Diplomatic representation from the US - chief of mission: Charge d'Affaires Mark BEZNER


embassy: Koror (no street address)


mailing address: P. O. Box 6028, Republic of Palau 96940


telephone: [680] 488-2920, 2990


FAX: [680] 488-2911
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Hersey KYOTA


chancery: 1700 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20006


telephone: [1] (202) 452-6814


FAX: [1] (202) 452-6281


consulate(s) general: Honolulu


consulate(s): Tamuning (Guam)
Disputes - international some maritime disputes (see littoral states) maritime delineation negotiations continue with Philippines, Indonesia
Economic aid - recipient - $23.46 million; note - the Compact of Free Association with the US, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1 October 1994, provides Palau with up to $700 million in US aid over 15 years in return for furnishing military facilities (2005)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals. The economy consists primarily of tourism, subsistence agriculture, and fishing. The government is the major employer of the work force, relying heavily on financial assistance from the US. Business and tourist arrivals numbered 63,000 in 2003. The population enjoys a per capita income roughly 50% higher than that of the Philippines and much of Micronesia. Long-run prospects for the key tourist sector have been greatly bolstered by the expansion of air travel in the Pacific, the rising prosperity of leading East Asian countries, and the willingness of foreigners to finance infrastructure development.
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Fram Basin -4,665 m

highest point:
sea level 0 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m
Environment - current issues endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack inadequate facilities for disposal of solid waste; threats to the marine ecosystem from sand and coral dredging, illegal fishing practices, and overfishing
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 69.9%, Filipino 15.3%, Chinese 4.9%, other Asian 2.4%, white 1.9%, Carolinian 1.4%, other Micronesian 1.1%, other or unspecified 3.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001); Vice President Camsek CHIN (since 1 January 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001); Vice President Camsek CHIN (since 1 January 2005)


cabinet: NA


elections: president and vice president elected on separate tickets by popular vote for four-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008)


election results: Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. reelected president; percent of vote - Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. 64%, Polycarp BASILIUS 33%; Elias Camsek CHIN elected vice president; percent of vote - Elias Camsek CHIN 70%, Sandra PIERANTOZZI 29%
Exports - $5.882 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports - commodities - shellfish, tuna, copra, garments
Exports - partners - US, Japan, Singapore (2006)
Fiscal year - 1 October - 30 September
Flag description - light blue with a large yellow disk (representing the moon) shifted slightly to the hoist side
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 6.2%


industry: 12%


services: 81.8% (2003)
GDP - real growth rate - 5.5% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 90 00 N, 0 00 E 7 30 N, 134 30 E
Geography - note major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months westernmost archipelago in the Caroline chain, consists of six island groups totaling more than 300 islands; includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $107.3 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports - commodities - machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners - US, Singapore, Japan, South Korea (2006)
Independence - 1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction, garment making
Infant mortality rate - total: 14.07 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.78 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 12.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2.7% (2005 est.)
International organization participation - ACP, ADB, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, IPU, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO
Irrigated land - NA
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Common Pleas; Land Court
Labor force - 9,777 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture: 20%


industry: NA%


services: NA% (1990)
Land boundaries - 0 km
Land use - arable land: 8.7%


permanent crops: 4.35%


other: 86.95% (2005)
Languages - Palauan 64.7% official in all islands except Sonsoral (Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official), Filipino 13.5%, English 9.4%, Chinese 5.7%, Carolinian 1.5%, Japanese 1.5%, other Asian 2.3%, other languages 1.5% (2000 census)
Legal system - based on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch - bicameral National Congress or Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK) consists of the Senate (9 seats; members elected by popular vote on a population basis to serve four-year terms) and the House of Delegates (16 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008); House of Delegates - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held in November 2008)


election results: Senate - percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9; House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 16
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 70.71 years


male: 67.54 years


female: 74.06 years (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 92%


male: 93%


female: 90% (1980 est.)
Location body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines
Map references Arctic Region Oceania
Maritime claims - territorial sea: 3 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact of Free Association between Palau and the US, the US military is granted access to the islands for 50 years, but no military forces are stationed there (2005)
Military branches - no regular military forces; Palau National Police (2008)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
National holiday - Constitution Day, 9 July (1979)
Nationality - noun: Palauan(s)


adjective: Palauan
Natural hazards ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales) forests, minerals (especially gold), marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate - 1.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders - none
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population - 20,842 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.233% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US) -
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)
Religions - Roman Catholic 41.6%, Protestant 23.3%, Modekngei 8.8% (indigenous to Palau), Seventh-Day Adventist 5.3%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, Latter-Day Saints 0.6%, other 3.1%, unspecified or none 16.4% (2000 census)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.062 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.165 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.901 male(s)/female


total population: 1.124 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 680; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 6,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (cable) (2005)
Terrain central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge) varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs
Total fertility rate - 2.46 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate - 4.2% (2005 est.)
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